Zhongshi

Babban adadin tarin tulin karfen da masana'antun da aka fi so suka keɓance su

Sunan turanci na tarin tulin karfe shine: Karfe Sheet Pile ko Karfe Sheet Piling.

Tulin takardar karfe wani tsari ne na karfe tare da haɗin gwiwa a gefe, kuma ana iya haɗa haɗin kai cikin yardar kaina don samar da bango mai ci gaba da matsatsi ko bangon riƙon ruwa.


Cikakken Bayani

Tags samfurin

Tsarin Bayani

Karfe tari cofferdam shine wanda aka fi amfani dashi.Tulin takardar karfe wani nau'in karfe ne na sashe mai kulle bakin.Sashin sa ya haɗa da madaidaiciyar farantin karfe, ramuka da siffar Z, kuma yana da girma dabam dabam da nau'i masu haɗaka.Abubuwan gama gari sune salon Larsen, salon Lavanna, da sauransu.

Amfaninsa shine: babban ƙarfi, mai sauƙin tuƙi cikin ƙasa mai wuya;Ana iya yin aikin gini a cikin ruwa mai zurfi, kuma za'a iya ƙara tallafi mai ƙima don samar da keji idan ya cancanta.Kyakkyawan aikin hana ruwa;Yana iya ƙirƙirar cofferdams na siffofi daban-daban kamar yadda ake buƙata kuma ana iya sake amfani da shi na lokuta da yawa.Saboda haka, ana amfani da shi sosai.

Cofferdam a saman buɗaɗɗen caisson ana yawan amfani da shi wajen ginin gada, kuma ana amfani da shi sosai.Cofferdam na bututu shafi tushe, tari tushe da bude yanke tushe, da dai sauransu.

Waɗannan ɗakunan ajiya galibi nau'in rufaffiyar bango ne guda ɗaya.Akwai goyan baya a tsaye da a kwance a cikin ma'ajiyar kuɗaɗen.Idan ya cancanta, ana ƙara goyan bayan da ba a taɓa gani ba don samar da ma'ajin ajiya.Misali, harsashin ginin bututun gadar Yangtze da ke birnin Nanjing na kasar Sin, ya kasance yana amfani da tulin karfen da'ira mai da'ira mai tsayin mita 21.9 da tulin tulin karfe mai tsayin mita 36.Akwai nau'i-nau'i daban-daban da nau'i masu haɗaka.Bayan kasan simintin ruwa na karkashin ruwa ya kai ga buƙatun ƙarfin, za a gina hular tulu da gangar jikin ta hanyar famfo ruwa, kuma zurfin zanen ruwan famfo zai kai mita 20.

A cikin ginin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, yankin ginin gabaɗaya yana da girma, kuma galibi ana amfani da shi don yin ginin ginin.Ya ƙunshi jikuna guda ɗaya da ke da alaƙa da yawa, kowannensu yana da tarin tulin ƙarfe da yawa, kuma tsakiyar jiki ɗaya ya cika da ƙasa.Iyalin akwatin akwatin yana da girma sosai, kuma bangon akwatin ba zai iya tallafawa ta hanyar tallafi ba.Sabili da haka, kowane jiki guda ɗaya zai iya tsayayya da kansa don jujjuyawa, zamewa da kuma hana tashin hankali fashewa a tsakar.Yawanci ana amfani da su sune sifofin zagaye da sashi.

1.Tari takardar karfe
2.Tsarin haɗin gwiwa a bangarorin biyu
3.Samar da ganuwar a cikin ƙasa da ruwa

Material Siga

Farantin karfe mai sanyi
Tarin takarda na karfe yana ci gaba da yin sanyi-yana samar da tsiri na karfe don samar da faranti don ginin tushe tare da sashe na siffar Z, U siffar ko wasu siffofi waɗanda za a iya haɗa su da juna ta hanyar kulle.

Farantin karfe mai sanyi

Tulin tulin karfen da aka samar ta hanyar mirgina sanyi yana daya daga cikin manyan samfuran karfen lankwasa sanyi da ake amfani da su a aikin injiniyan farar hula.Ana tulun tulin karfen (an danna) cikin tushe tare da direban tulu don haɗa su don samar da bangon tulin tulin karfe don riƙe ƙasa da ruwa.Nau'o'in sashe gama gari sun haɗa da U-dimbin yawa, Z-dimbin yawa da farantin yanar gizo madaidaiciya.Tarin takarda karfe ya dace da tushe mai laushi da goyon bayan rami mai zurfi tare da babban matakin ruwa na ƙasa.Yana da sauƙin ginawa.Amfaninsa shine kyakkyawan aikin dakatar da ruwa kuma ana iya sake amfani dashi.Matsayin isar da tari na takardar karfen isar da tsawon isar da tari mai sanyi mai sanyi shine 6m, 9m, 12m, 15m, kuma ana iya sarrafa shi bisa ga buƙatun mai amfani.Matsakaicin tsayin shine 24m.(Idan mai amfani yana da buƙatun tsayi na musamman, ana iya gabatar da su gaba lokacin yin oda) Za a iya isar da tulin takarda mai sanyi na ƙarfe bisa ga ainihin nauyin ko ma'aunin ma'auni.Aikace-aikace na tari na karfe Tari samfurin sanyi-kafa karfe yana da halaye na dacewa gini, ci gaba mai sauri, babu buƙatar manyan kayan aikin gini, kuma yana dacewa da ƙirar girgizar ƙasa a aikace-aikacen injiniyan farar hula.Hakanan zai iya canza fasalin sashe da tsayin kwandon ƙarfe mai sanyi da aka kafa bisa ga takamaiman yanayin aikin, ta yadda za a sa tsarin ƙirar ya zama mafi tattalin arziki da ma'ana.Bugu da ƙari, ta hanyar haɓaka ƙirar ɓangaren samfurin samfurin karfe mai sanyi mai sanyi, ƙimar ingancin samfurin ya inganta sosai, an rage nauyin kowane mita na girman bangon tari, kuma an rage farashin injiniya. .[1]

Sigar fasaha
Bisa ga samar da tsari, karfe takardar tari kayayyakin sun kasu kashi biyu iri: sanyi-kafa bakin ciki-banga karfe sheet tari da zafi-birgima karfe sheet tari.A cikin gine-ginen injiniya, aikace-aikacen kewayon nau'ikan takaddun ƙarfe na ƙarfe mai sanyi yana da ɗan kunkuntar, kuma yawancin su ana amfani da su azaman kari ga kayan da aka yi amfani da su.Zafafan-birgima karfen takardar tari sun kasance manyan samfuran a aikace-aikacen injiniya.Dangane da fa'idodi da yawa na tarin takaddun ƙarfe a cikin ginin, Hukumar Kula da Ingancin Inganci, Bincike da Keɓewa da Hukumar Kula da Mahimmanci ta ƙasa ta ba da ƙa'idodin ƙasa "Hot birgima U-dimbin ƙarfe na takardar ƙarfe" a ranar 14 ga Mayu, 2007, wanda bisa hukuma ce. aiwatar a kan Disamba 1, 2007. A karshen karni na 20, Masteel Co., Ltd. ya samar da fiye da 5000 ton na U-dimbin yawa takardar karfe takardar tara da nisa na 400 mm ta nagarta na fasaha kayan aiki yanayi na duniya mirgina. layin niƙa da aka shigo da su daga ƙasashen waje, kuma an yi nasarar amfani da su zuwa gadar Nenjiang, tashar jirgin ruwa mai nauyin tan 300000 na Jingjiang New Century Shipyard da aikin shawo kan ambaliyar ruwa a Bangladesh.Koyaya, saboda ƙarancin ingancin samarwa, fa'idodin tattalin arziƙi mara kyau, ƙarancin buƙatun gida da ƙarancin ƙwarewar fasaha yayin lokacin samar da gwaji, ba za a iya ci gaba da samarwa ba.Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, a halin yanzu, yawan amfani da tulin karafa na shekara-shekara a kasar Sin ya ragu da kusan tan 30000, adadin da ya kai kashi 1% na jimillar duniya, kuma ya takaita ne ga wasu ayyuka na dindindin kamar tashar jiragen ruwa, gina tashar jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa da ayyukan wucin gadi irinsu. a matsayin gada cofferdam da tallafin ramin tushe.

Tulin takarda mai sanyin ƙarfe wani tsari ne na ƙarfe wanda aka samo shi ta hanyar ci gaba da jujjuya naúrar da aka yi sanyi, kuma ana iya ci gaba da kulle gefen gefe don samar da bangon tulin takarda.Tul ɗin takarda mai sanyi na ƙarfe an yi shi da faranti masu sira (yawanci 8 mm ~ 14 mm lokacin farin ciki) kuma ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar ƙirar sanyi.Farashin samar da shi yana da ƙasa kuma farashin yana da arha, kuma ikon sarrafa girman ya fi sauƙi.Duk da haka, saboda hanyar sarrafawa mai sauƙi, kauri na kowane bangare na jikin tari iri ɗaya ne, kuma ba za a iya inganta girman sashin ba, yana haifar da karuwa a cikin amfani da karfe;Siffar ɓangaren kullewa yana da wuyar sarrafawa, kuma haɗin ba a ɗaure shi sosai kuma ba zai iya dakatar da ruwa ba;Ƙayyadadden ƙarfin kayan aiki na lankwasawa mai sanyi, kawai samfuran da ke da ƙarancin ƙarfi da kauri za a iya samar da su;Bugu da ƙari, damuwa da aka samar a cikin tsarin sanyi mai sanyi yana da girma sosai, kuma jikin tari yana da sauƙin tsagewa a cikin amfani, wanda yana da iyakacin iyaka a aikace-aikace.A cikin gine-ginen injiniya, aikace-aikacen kewayon nau'ikan takarda na ƙarfe mai sanyi yana da ɗan kunkuntar, kuma yawancin su ana amfani da su ne kawai azaman kari ga kayan da aka yi amfani da su.Features na sanyi-kafa karfe tari: bisa ga ainihin halin da ake ciki na aikin, mafi tattali da m sashe za a iya zabar don cimma inganta aikin zane, ceton 10-15% na abu idan aka kwatanta da zafi-birgima. karfe takardar tari tare da guda yi, ƙwarai rage yi kudin.

Nau'in gabatarwa
Gabatarwa na asali na tari mai siffar karfe U-dimbin yawa
1.A sashe tsarin zane na WR jerin karfe sheet tara ne m, da kuma kafa fasaha ne ci-gaba, wanda ya sa rabo na sashe modulus da nauyin karfe takardar tari kayayyakin ci gaba da karuwa, sabõda haka, zai iya samun mai kyau tattalin arziki fa'idodin a aikace-aikace da kuma fadada filin aikace-aikace na sanyi-kafa karfe sheet tara.

2.WRU karfe takardar tari yana da nau'ikan ƙayyadaddun bayanai da samfura.

3.An tsara shi da kuma samar da shi bisa ga ƙa'idar Turai, tsarin ma'auni yana dacewa da amfani da maimaitawa, wanda yayi daidai da zafi mai zafi dangane da maimaita amfani, kuma yana da girman girman kusurwa, wanda ya dace don gyara kuskuren gini.

4.Yin amfani da ƙarfe mai ƙarfi da kayan aikin haɓakawa na haɓaka kayan aikin samar da kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da su na kwandon kwandon sanyi.

5.Za'a iya daidaita tsayin tsayi bisa ga bukatun abokin ciniki, wanda ya kawo dacewa ga ginin kuma yana rage farashin.

6.Saboda dacewar samarwa, ana iya yin oda kafin isarwa lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi tare da tarin tarin.

7.Zane-zanen samarwa da sake zagayowar samarwa suna takaice, kuma ana iya ƙaddara aikin fakitin takardar ƙarfe bisa ga bukatun abokin ciniki.

Almara da fa'idojin U-dimbin yawa jerin sanyi-kafa karfe takardar tari
1.U-dimbin yawa karfe takardar taraya da daban-daban bayani dalla-dalla da kuma model.
2.An ƙera shi kuma an samar da shi bisa ga ƙa'idodin Turai, tare da tsari mai ma'ana, wanda ya dace don sake amfani da shi, kuma yayi daidai da mirgina mai zafi dangane da sake amfani da shi.

U-siffa

3.Za'a iya daidaita tsayin tsayi bisa ga bukatun abokin ciniki, wanda ya kawo dacewa ga ginin kuma yana rage farashin.
4.Saboda dacewar samarwa, ana iya yin oda kafin isarwa lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi tare da tarin tarin.
5.Zane-zanen samarwa da sake zagayowar samarwa suna takaice, kuma ana iya ƙaddara aikin fakitin takardar ƙarfe bisa ga bukatun abokin ciniki.

Ƙididdiga gama gari na tari mai siffa ta ƙarfe ta u-dimbin yawa

Nau'in Nisa Tsayi Kauri Yankin yanki Nauyi kowane tari Nauyi kowane bango Lokacin Inertia Modul na sashe
  mm mm mm cm2/m Kg/m kg/m2 cm4/m cm3/m
WRU7 750 320 5 71.3 42.0 56.0 10725 670
WRU8 750 320 6 86.7 51.0 68.1 13169 823
WRU9 750 320 7 101.4 59.7 79.6 15251 953
Farashin 10-450 450 360 8 148.6 52.5 116.7 18268 1015
Farashin 11-450 450 360 9 165.9 58.6 130.2 20375 1132
Farashin 12-450 450 360 10 182.9 64.7 143.8 22444 1247
Farashin 11-575 575 360 8 133.8 60.4 105.1 19685 1094
Farashin 12-575 575 360 9 149.5 67.5 117.4 21973 1221
Farashin 13-575 575 360 10 165.0 74.5 129.5 24224 1346
Farashin 11-600 600 360 8 131.4 61.9 103.2 19897 1105
Farashin 12-600 600 360 9 147.3 69.5 115.8 22213 1234
Farashin 13-600 600 360 10 162.4 76.5 127.5 24491 1361
Farashin 18-600 600 350 12 220.3 103.8 172.9 32797 1874
Saukewa: RU20-600 600 350 13 238.5 112.3 187.2 35224 2013
WRU16 650 480 8. 138.5 71.3 109.6 39864 1661
WRU 18 650 480 9 156.1 79.5 122.3 44521 1855
WRU20 650 540 8 153.7 78.1 120.2 56002 2074
WRU23 650 540 9 169.4 87.3 133.0 61084 2318
WRU26 650 540 10 187.4 96.2 146.9 69093 2559
Saukewa: RU30-700 700 558 11 217.1 119.3 170.5 83139 2980
Saukewa: RU32-700 700 560 12 236.2 129.8 185.4 90880 3246
Saukewa: RU35-700 700 562 13 255.1 140.2 200.3 98652 3511
Saukewa: RU36-700 700 558 14 284.3 156.2 223.2 102145 3661
Saukewa: RU39-700 700 560 15 303.8 166.9 238.5 109655 3916
Saukewa: RU41-700 700 562 16 323.1 177.6 253.7 117194 4170
WRU 32 750 598 11 215.9 127.1 169.5 97362 3265
Farashin 35 750 600 12 234.9 138.3 184.4 106416 3547
Saukewa: RU36-700 700 558 14 284.3 156.2 223.2 102145 3661
Saukewa: RU39-700 700 560 15 303.8 166.9 238.5 109655 3916
Saukewa: RU41-700 700 562 16 323.1 177.6 253.7 117194 4170
WRU 32 750 598 11 215.9 127.1 169.5 97362 3265
Farashin 35 750 600 12 234.9 138.3 184.4 106416 3547
WRU 38 750 602 13 253.7 149.4 199.2 Farashin 115505 3837
Farashin 40 750 598 14 282.2 166.1 221.5 119918 4011
WRU 43 750 600 15 301.5 177.5 236.7 128724 4291
Farashin 45 750 602 16 320.8 188.9 251.8 137561 4570

Tulin takardar karfe mai siffar Z
Ana rarraba maɓuɓɓuka na kullewa a hankali a bangarorin biyu na tsaka-tsakin tsaka tsaki, kuma gidan yanar gizon yana ci gaba da ci gaba, wanda ke inganta haɓakar sashe da kuma lanƙwasawa sosai, kuma yana tabbatar da cewa kayan aikin injiniya na sashin na iya zama cikakke.Saboda siffar sashe na musamman da kuma abin dogara Larssen kulle.

Abũbuwan amfãni da gumaka na tarin takardar karfe mai siffar Z
1.Zane mai sassauƙa tare da ingantacciyar maɗaukakin sashe modules da rabon taro.
2.Mafi girman lokacin inertia yana ƙara ƙaƙƙarfan bangon tari na takarda kuma yana rage ƙaura da lalacewa.
3.Large nisa, yadda ya kamata ceton lokacin hoisting da tarawa.
4.Tare da haɓakar faɗin sashe, adadin raguwar bangon tari na takarda yana raguwa, kuma aikin rufewar ruwa yana inganta kai tsaye.
5.Abubuwan da aka lalatar da su sun yi kauri, kuma juriyar lalata ta fi kyau.

Tulin takardar karfe mai siffar Z

Common bayani dalla-dalla na Z-dimbin yawa karfe takardar tari

Nau'in Nisa Tsayi Kauri Yankin yanki Nauyi kowane tari Nauyi kowane bango Lokacin Inertia Modul na sashe
  mm mm mm cm2/m Kg/m kg/m2 cm4/m cm3/m
Saukewa: WRZ16-635 635 379 7 123.4 61.5 96.9 30502 1610
Saukewa: WRZ18-635 635 380 8 140.6 70.1 110.3 34717 1827
Saukewa: WRZ28-635 635 419 11 209.0 104.2 164.1 28785 2805
Saukewa: WRZ30-635 635 420 12 227.3 113.3 178.4 63889 3042
Saukewa: WRZ32-635 635 421 13 245.4 122.3 192.7 68954 3276
Saukewa: WRZ12-650 650 319 7 113.2 57.8 88.9 19603 1229
Saukewa: WRZ14-650 650 320 8 128.9 65.8 101.2 22312 1395
Saukewa: WRZ34-675 675 490 12 224.4 118.9 176.1 84657 3455
Saukewa: WRZ37-675 675 491 13 242.3 128.4 190.2 91327 3720
Saukewa: WRZ38-675 675 491.5 13.5 251.3 133.1 197.2 94699 3853
Saukewa: WRZ18-685 685 401 9 144 77.4 113 37335 1862
WRZ20-685 685 402 10 159.4 85.7 125.2 41304 2055

L/S karfe takardar tari
An fi amfani da nau'in L-nau'in don tallafawa shinge, bangon dam, tono tashoshi da trenchi.
Sashin yana da haske, sararin da ke cikin bangon tari yana da ƙananan, kulle yana cikin hanya guda, kuma ginin ya dace.Ana amfani da aikin tono gine-ginen injiniya na birni.

LS karfe takardar tari
Common bayani dalla-dalla na L-dimbin yawa karfe takardar tari
Nau'in Nisa Tsayi Kauri Nauyi kowane tari Nauyi kowane bango Lokacin Inertia Modul na sashe
  mm mm mm Kg/m kg/m2 cm4/m cm3/m
WRL1.5 700 100 3.0 21.4 30.6 724 145
WRL2 700 150 3.0 22.9 32.7 1674 223
WRI3 700 150 4.5 35.0 50.0 2469 329
WRL4 700 180 5.0 40.4 57.7 3979 442
WRL5 700 180 6.5 52.7 75.3 5094 566
WRL6 700 180 7.0 57.1 81.6 5458 606

Ƙididdiga na gama gari na tari mai siffa ta s-ƙarfe

Nau'in Nisa Tsayi Kauri Nauyi kowane tari Nauyi kowane bango Lokacin Inertia Modul na sashe
  mm mm mm Kg/m kg/m2 cm4/m cm3/m
WRS4 600 260 3.5 31.2 41.7 5528 425
WRS5 600 260 4.0 36.6 48.8 6703 516
WRS6 700 260 5.0 45.3 57.7 7899 608
WRS8 700 320 5.5 53.0 70.7 12987 812
WRS9 700 320 6.5 62.6 83.4 15225 952

Wani nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i) tono wasu ramuka,musamman lokacin da sarari tsakanin gine-gine biyu ya zama ƙanana kuma ya zama dole,domin tsayinsa yana da ƙasa kuma yana kusa da madaidaiciya.

Abũbuwan amfãni da gumaka na mizani karfen takardar tara
Na farko, zai iya samar da katangar tari mai tsayayye na karfe don tabbatar da aikin hakowa cikin santsi ba tare da an shafe shi ta hanyar tattake bangarorin biyu da ruwan karkashin kasa ba.

Na biyu, yana kuma taimakawa wajen daidaita harsashin, don haka tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na gine-gine a bangarorin biyu.

mikakke karfe takardar tara

Common bayani dalla-dalla na mikakke karfe takardar tari

Nau'in Nisa mm Tsawo mm Kauri mm Yankin yanki cm2/m Nauyi Lokacin Inertia cm4/m Modulus na sashe cm3/m
Nauyi a kowace pil kg/m Nauyin kowane wallkg/m2
Saukewa: WRX600-10 600 60 10.0 144.8 68.2 113.6 396 132
Saukewa: WRX600-11 600 61 11.0 158.5 74.7 124.4 435 143
Saukewa: WRX600-12 600 62 12.0 172.1 81.1 135.1 474 153
Standard for sinadaran abun da ke ciki da kuma inji Properties na sanyi-kafa karfe takardar tari kayan
GB/T700-1988 GB/T1591-1994 GB/T4171-2000
Alamar Abubuwan sinadaran Kayan inji
C Si Mn P S samar da ƙarfiMpa karfin juyiMpa Tsawaitawa Tasirin kuzari
Q345B ku 0.20 ≤0.50 ≤1.5 ≤0.025 ≤0.020 2345 470-630 ≥21 234
Q235B 0.12-0.2 s0.30 ku 0.3-0.7 ≤0.045 ≤0.045 ≥235 375-500 226 227

Farantin karfe mai zafi

Hot birgima na karfe tara tara, kamar yadda sunan ke nufi, da karfe sheets tara da waldi da zafi birgima.Saboda ci-gaban fasaha, cizon sa na kulle yana da matsananciyar juriyar ruwa.

Misalin siga

Sashe halaye na zafi-birgima karfe sheet tari
Nau'in Girman sashi Nauyi kowane tari Nauyi kowane bango
  Nisa Tsayi Kauri Sashe
yanki
Nauyin ka'idar Lokacin
Inertia
Modul na
sashe
Yankin yanki Ka'idar
nauyi
Lokacin
Inertia
Modul na
sashe
mm mm mm cmz cm2 Kg/m cm3/m cm7/m cm2/m Kg/m? cm4 cm3/m
SKSP- Ⅱ 400 100 10.5 61.18 48.0 1240 152 153.0 120 8740 874
SKSP-Ⅲ 400 125 13.0 76.42 60.0 2220 223 191.0 150 16800 1340
SKSP-IV 400 170 15.5 96.99 76.1 4670 362 242.5 190 38600 2270
Table of karfe sa, sinadaran abun da ke ciki da kuma inji dukiya sigogi na zafi-birgima karfe sheet tari
Lambar kiran waya Nau'in Abubuwan sinadaran Binciken injiniya
    C Si Mn P S N Ƙarfin Haɓaka N/mm Ƙarfin ɗaure N/mm Tsawaitawa
JIS A5523 SYW295 0.18 max 0.55 max 1.5 max 0.04 max 0.04 max 0.006 max >295 >490 >17
SYW390 0.18 max 0.55 max 1.5 max 0.04 max 0.04 3x 0.006 max 0.44 max >540 >15  
JIS A5528 SY295       0.04 max 0.04 max   >295 >490 >17
SY390       0.04 max 0.04 max     >540   >15

Siffar Category

Tari mai siffar karfe mai siffa

Haɗe-haɗen takardar takardar ƙarfe

Halaye

Halayen aikace-aikacen:
1.Gudanarwa da warware jerin matsaloli a cikin aikin hakar ma'adinai.
2.Sauƙaƙan gini da ɗan gajeren lokacin gini.
3.Don aikin ginin, zai iya rage bukatun sararin samaniya.
4.Yin amfani da tulin takarda na ƙarfe na iya samar da aminci mai mahimmanci kuma yana da ƙarfi lokaci (don agajin bala'i).
5.Ba za a iya iyakance amfani da tulin takarda na karfe ta yanayin yanayi ba;A cikin tsarin yin amfani da tulin takarda na karfe, zai iya sauƙaƙe hanyoyin da aka haɗa don duba ayyukan kayan aiki ko tsarin don tabbatar da daidaitawar su, musanya mai kyau, kuma za'a iya sake amfani da su.
6.Ana iya sake sarrafa shi kuma a sake amfani da shi don adana kuɗi.

Injiniyan na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa - gine-gine tare da hanyoyin sufuri na tashar jiragen ruwa - hanyoyi da layin dogo
1.bangon Wharf, bangon kulawa da bango mai riƙewa;.
2.Gina tashar jiragen ruwa da wuraren saukar jiragen ruwa da katangar keɓewar hayaniya.
3.Tushen kariyar tudu, (wharf) bollard, kafuwar gada.
4.Radar rangefinder, gangara, gangara.
5.Titin jirgin kasa mai nutsewa da rikon ruwan karkashin kasa.
6.Ramin rami.

Ayyukan farar hula na hanyar ruwa:
1.Kula da hanyoyin ruwa.
2.Tsayawa bango.
3.Ƙarfafa juzu'i da embankment.
4.Kayan aikin Berthing;Hana zage-zage.

Kula da gurɓataccen ruwa na gine-ginen injiniya na tanadin ruwa - gurɓatattun wurare, cika shinge:
1.Makullan jirgi, makullin ruwa, da shingen shinge na tsaye (na koguna).
2.Weir, embankment, tono don maye gurbin ƙasa.
3.Gada tushe da tankin tanki.
4.Culvert (hanyar babbar hanya, titin jirgin kasa, da sauransu);, Kariyar tashar kebul na karkashin kasa a saman tudu.
5.Ƙofar aminci.
6.Rage hayaniyar kula da ambaliyar ruwa.
7.ginshiƙin gada da bangon keɓewar amo;
8.Chemical abun da ke ciki da kuma inji Properties na sanyi-kafa karfe takardar tari kayan.[1]

Amfani:
1.Tare da ƙarfin haɓaka mai ƙarfi da tsarin haske, bangon ci gaba da ke kunshe da tarin takaddun karfe yana da ƙarfi da ƙarfi.
2.Ƙunƙarar ruwa yana da kyau, kuma kulle a haɗin haɗin ginin karfe yana haɗuwa sosai, wanda zai iya hana hawan jini.
3.Ginin yana da sauƙi, zai iya daidaitawa da yanayin yanayi daban-daban da kuma ingancin ƙasa, zai iya rage girman rami na tushe, kuma aikin ya mamaye wani karamin wuri.
4.Kyakkyawan karko.Dangane da bambancin yanayin amfani, rayuwar sabis na iya zama har zuwa shekaru 50.
5.Ginin yana da alaƙa da muhalli, kuma adadin ƙasa da simintin da ake ɗauka yana raguwa sosai, wanda zai iya kare albarkatun ƙasa yadda ya kamata.
6.Aikin yana da inganci, kuma yana da matuƙar dacewa don aiwatar da hanzarin sarrafa ambaliyar ruwa, rushewa, yashi mai sauri, girgizar ƙasa da sauran agaji da rigakafin bala'i.
7.Ana iya sake yin amfani da kayan kuma a sake yin amfani da su sau 20-30 a cikin ayyukan wucin gadi.
8.Idan aka kwatanta da wasu sifofi guda ɗaya, bangon ya fi sauƙi kuma yana da mafi girman daidaitawa ga nakasawa, wanda ya dace da rigakafi da magance bala'o'i daban-daban.

Aikace-aikace

Aiki, bayyanar da ƙimar aiki sune matakan da mutane ke amfani da su lokacin zabar kayan gini a yau.Ƙaƙƙarfan takarda na ƙarfe suna cikin layi tare da maki uku na sama: abubuwan da ke cikin masana'anta na samar da tsari mai sauƙi da aiki, sun dace da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata na tsarin tsaro da kare muhalli, kuma gine-ginen da aka kammala ta hanyar katako na karfe yana da sha'awa sosai.

Aiwatar da tulin tulin ƙarfe yana gudana kuma ya kai ga masana'antar gine-gine gabaɗaya, daga yin amfani da injiniyan kiyaye ruwa na gargajiya da fasahar jama'a, gami da aikace-aikacen layin dogo da titin jirgin ƙasa zuwa aikace-aikacen sarrafa gurɓataccen muhalli.

Ƙimar da ta dace na tarin tulin ƙarfe na ƙarfe ya bayyana a cikin sabbin abubuwa na samar da sababbin kayayyaki, kamar: wasu gine-gine na musamman na walda;Farantin karfe wanda direban tari na hydraulic ya yi;Rufe sluice da masana'anta maganin fenti.Dalilai da yawa sun tabbatar da cewa tulin tulin karfen suna kula da ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ake amfani da su na masana'anta, wato, ba wai kawai yana haɓaka ingancin ingancin ƙarfe ba, har ma yana ba da gudummawa ga bincike da haɓaka kasuwar tari;Yana dacewa da haɓaka ƙirar samfuran samfuran don mafi kyawun biyan buƙatun masu amfani.

Haɓaka fasahar rufewa ta musamman da kuma wuce gona da iri shine kyakkyawan misali na wannan.Alal misali, tsarin haƙƙin mallaka na HOESCH ya buɗe wani sabon filin mahimmanci na tarin takarda na karfe a cikin kula da gurɓatawa.

Tun lokacin da aka yi amfani da takin karfen HOESCH a matsayin bangon riƙewa a tsaye a cikin 1986 don kare gurɓataccen ƙasa, an gano cewa tulin tulin karfen ya cika dukkan buƙatun don hana zubar ruwa da gurɓataccen ruwa.Abubuwan da ke tattare da tulin takardan ƙarfe kamar yadda ake riƙe ganuwar a hankali ana amfani da su a wasu fagage.

Wadannan sune wasu ingantattun ingantattun injiniyoyin geotechnical da yanayin aikace-aikace don aikace-aikacen tulin karfe:

* Kofardam

* Ruwan kogin ruwa da sarrafa su

* Katangar tsarin kula da ruwa

* Kula da ambaliya

* Yadi

* Kariyar kariya

* Gyaran gabar teku

* Yanke rami da mafaka

* Breakwater

* bangon bango

* Gyaran gangara

* Baffle bango

Amfanin yin amfani da shingen tulin karfe:

* Ba a buƙatar tono don rage zubar da shara

* Idan ya cancanta, za a iya cire tulin takardar karfe bayan amfani

* Ba'a shafar yanayin ƙasa da zurfin ruwan ƙasa

* Ana iya amfani da tono ba bisa ka'ida ba

* Ana iya aiwatar da ginin a kan jirgin ba tare da shirya wani wurin ba

Tsarin Gina

Shirya

1.Shirye-shiryen gine-gine: kafin tuƙi tari, za a rufe madaidaicin a tip ɗin don kauce wa matsi na ƙasa, kuma a rufe bakin kulle da man shanu ko wani maiko.Ga tulin tulin karfen da aka dade ba a gyara ba, bakin kulle da ya lalace kuma ya yi tsatsa sosai, sai a gyara su a gyara su.Don lankwasa da nakasassu tara, ana iya gyara su ta jack jack na hydraulic ko bushewar wuta.

2.Rarraba sashin tukin tuƙi.

3.Lokacin tuki tuki.Don tabbatar da tsayin daka na tulin takardar karfe.Yi amfani da theodolites guda biyu don sarrafawa ta hanyoyi biyu.

4.Matsayi da alkiblar tulin tulin karfe na farko da na biyu da za a tuƙi su kasance daidai, ta yadda za a yi aikin samfuri na jagora.Sabili da haka, za a yi ma'aunin sau ɗaya kowane 1m na tuƙi, kuma za a yi amfani da ƙarfafawa ko farantin karfe tare da tallafin purlin don gyarawa na ɗan lokaci nan da nan bayan tuƙi zuwa zurfin da aka ƙaddara.

Zane
1. Zaɓin hanyar tuƙi
Tsarin gine-ginen tulin ƙarfe shine hanyar tuƙi daban, wanda ke farawa daga kusurwa ɗaya na bangon takardar kuma ana tafiyar da shi ɗaya bayan ɗaya (ko biyu a rukuni) har zuwa ƙarshen aikin.Amfaninsa yana da sauƙi da sauri ginawa kuma babu buƙatar wasu tallafi na taimako.Rashin amfaninsa shine yana da sauƙi don karkatar da tarin takardar zuwa gefe ɗaya, kuma yana da wuya a gyara bayan tarawar kuskure.Sabili da haka, hanyar tuƙi daban yana aiki ne kawai ga yanayin inda buƙatun bangon bangon takarda ba su da girma kuma tsayin tari kaɗan ne (kamar ƙasa da 10 m).

Zaɓin hanyar tuƙi

2.Hanyar tuƙi ta allo ita ce saka tulin karfe 10-20 a cikin firam ɗin jagora a cikin layuka, sannan a fitar da su cikin batches.A lokacin tuƙi, da karfe takardar tara a duka ƙarshen bangon allo za a kora zuwa ƙira haɓakawa ko wani zurfin zama sakawa takardar tara, sa'an nan kuma kore a tsakiyar a matakai na 1/3 da 1/2 sheet tari tsawo. .Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na hanyar tuƙi na allo sune: yana iya rage yawan tarawa na kuskuren kuskure, hana ƙima mai yawa, kuma yana da sauƙi don cimma ƙulli da tabbatar da ingancin ginin bangon takarda.Rashin hasara shi ne cewa tsayin daka na tsayin daka da aka saka yana da tsayi sosai, kuma ya kamata a kula da kwanciyar hankali da aminci na ginin da aka saka.

3.Tuki tulin takardan karfe.
Yayin tuki tuki, matsayin tuƙi da jagorar tulin tulin karfe na farko da na biyu da za a tuƙi yakamata su tabbatar da daidaito.Zai iya taka rawar jagorar samfuri.Yawanci, ya kamata a auna shi sau ɗaya kowace 1m.Gina kusurwa da rufaffiyar ƙulli na tari na takarda na ƙarfe na iya ɗaukar tari mai siffa ta musamman, hanyar haɗin kai, hanyar rufaffiyar da hanyar daidaita axis.Don tabbatar da ingantaccen gini, ya zama dole a lura da kare mahimman bututun mai da igiyoyi masu ƙarfi a cikin iyakokin aiki.

4.Cire tulin takardar karfe.
Lokacin cika ramin tushe, za a ciro tulin karfen don sake amfani da shi bayan an gama.Kafin hakar, za a yi nazarin jerin hakar, lokacin hakar da kuma hanyar maganin ramin ramin tulin karfen.Domin shawo kan juriya na tulin takarda, bisa ga injinan ja da tulin da aka yi amfani da su, hanyoyin jan tulin sun haɗa da jan tulin tsummoki, jan jijjiga da kuma jan tasirin tari.A lokacin aikin cirewa, kula da lura da kare mahimman bututun mai da igiyoyi masu ƙarfi a cikin iyakokin aiki.[1]

Kayan aiki
1.Tasirin injuna: guduma faɗuwa kyauta, guduma tururi, guduma na iska, guduma na ruwa, guduma dizal, da sauransu.

2.Injin tuki mai girgiza: Irin wannan nau'in ana iya amfani da shi duka biyun tuki da ja, kuma abin da aka saba amfani da shi shine tukin tuki da jan guduma.

3.Jijjiga da tasiri tuki injin tuki: irin wannan na'ura sanye take da wani tasiri tsarin tsakanin jiki na vibration tari direban da kuma matsa.Lokacin da motsin girgiza ya haifar da girgiza sama da ƙasa, yana haifar da ƙarfin tasiri, wanda ke inganta haɓakar ginin sosai.

4.Injin tuƙi a tsaye: danna tulin tulin cikin ƙasa da ƙarfi a tsaye.


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